Abstract
Medicinal herbs have been used by humans for a long time without any proof of their toxicity. The goal of this study was to determine the toxicity profile of <Pistia stratioles>. Standard procedures were used to conduct phytochemical screening of <Pistia stratiotes> methanol leaves extract. The limit dose test was used to determine acute oral toxicity (LD50), whereas graded doses (150, 300, 600, and 1200mg/kg) were given daily for 28 days in the sub-chronic toxicity research. The presence of flavonoids, saponins, anthraquinones, phlobatanins, alkaloids, and tannins was discovered in <P. stratioles>. The (LD50) of <P. stratioles> methanol leaf extract (PSMLE) was determined to be larger than 3000mg/kg body weight, and there was no fatality up to 14 days of observation. PSMLE (150-1200mg/kg) treatment resulted in a substantial reduction (p<0.05) in Aspartate Amino Transferase and Alanine Amino Transferase in a 28-day oral toxicity trial. When compared to the control, there was no significant difference in (Alkaline Phosphate, Albumin, Total Protein, Direct Bilirubin, and Total Bilirubin) and renal function markers (Urea, Uric acid, and Creatinine). In addition, when the extract-treated groups were compared to the control, there was a significant (p<0.05) difference in Platelets and Mean Corpuscular Volume. Finally, the current finding strongly suggests that <P. stratioles> methanol leaf extract is effective. In albino rats, neither acute nor sub-chronic investigations revealed any major toxic effects. As a result, it should be deemed safe to take <P. stratioles> in an acceptable amount, especially at low doses, for its traditional use.

Key words: Acute oral toxicity (LD50), Phytochemicals, Pistia stratiole, Sub-chronic.