NUTRITIONAL QUALITY, HEAVY METAL COMPOSITION AND OXIDATIVE STRESS BIOMARKERS OF Clarias gariepinus (AFRICAN CATFISH) FROM SELECTED AQUATIC ENVIRONMENTS IN BIRNIN KEBBI, NIGERIA

Magaji U.F.; Ibrahim U.U.; Mode A.M.; Ja’afar U.; Anyebe D.A.; Dandare A.; Dandare S.U.

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Research Article
Online Published: 11 Nov 2026

JIRLS. 2026; 8(2): 40-51

NUTRITIONAL QUALITY, HEAVY METAL COMPOSITION AND OXIDATIVE STRESS BIOMARKERS OF Clarias gariepinus (AFRICAN CATFISH) FROM SELECTED AQUATIC ENVIRONMENTS IN BIRNIN KEBBI, NIGERIA

Magaji U.f., Ibrahim U.u., Mode A.m., Ja’afar U., Anyebe D.a., Dandare A., Dandare S.u..

Abstract
Freshwater quality can influence physiological and nutritional quality of fish inhabiting the aquatic environments. Despite growing evidence of environmental pressure on aquatic systems in Kebbi State, integrated data related to effect of pollution on fish is limited. Using standard methods, this study evaluated proximate composition, amino acid profile, mineral elements, heavy metals composition and oxidative stress biomarkers of Clarias gariepinus (African Catfish) from selected aquatic environments (commercial fish pond, Dukku river, Madobiya river and Indian-water river) in Birnin Kebbi, Nigeria. Moisture content ranged from 69.35 % to 77.14 %. Ash content was highest (1.92 %) in Catfish from Dukku river, and lowest (1.34 %) in commercial pond. Significantly higher fibre, protein and fat (0.83 %, 19.92 % and 8.26 % respectively) were observed in sample from the commercial pond. Similarly, Catfish from the commercial fish pond exhibited high concentration of essential and non-essential amino acids (40.88 and 57.73 g/100g protein respectively). However, Indian-water river Catfish had the highest essential amino acid (40.92 g/100g protein). Among the elements determined, Ca, K and Na exhibited higher concentrations. As and Pb were not detected in all samples, while trace amounts of Cd, Cr and Ni were observed in some samples. Indian-water sample recorded the highest MDA level and SOD activity (123.29 µmol/g and 46.49 U/mg respectively), Their levels were 31.52 µmol/g and 29.15 U/mg respectively, in commercial pond Catfish. GSH levels were comparatively higher (1131.53 µg/g) in commercial pond Catfish. These findings suggest that variation in aquatic environments strongly influences nutritional characteristics and oxidative status of Catfish. Thus, highlighting the importance of integrated water-quality and fish-quality assessments.

Key words: Birnin Kebbi, Catfish, Clarias gariepinus, Heavy metals, Nutritional quality, Oxidative stress.

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Pubmed Style

U.f. M, U.u. I, A.m. M, U. J, D.a. A, A. D, S.u. D. NUTRITIONAL QUALITY, HEAVY METAL COMPOSITION AND OXIDATIVE STRESS BIOMARKERS OF Clarias gariepinus (AFRICAN CATFISH) FROM SELECTED AQUATIC ENVIRONMENTS IN BIRNIN KEBBI, NIGERIA. JIRLS. 2026; 8(2): 40-51.

Web Style

U.f. M, U.u. I, A.m. M, U. J, D.a. A, A. D, S.u. D. NUTRITIONAL QUALITY, HEAVY METAL COMPOSITION AND OXIDATIVE STRESS BIOMARKERS OF Clarias gariepinus (AFRICAN CATFISH) FROM SELECTED AQUATIC ENVIRONMENTS IN BIRNIN KEBBI, NIGERIA. https://www.jirlsonline.com/?mno=340384 [Access: November 11, 2026].

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

U.f. M, U.u. I, A.m. M, U. J, D.a. A, A. D, S.u. D. NUTRITIONAL QUALITY, HEAVY METAL COMPOSITION AND OXIDATIVE STRESS BIOMARKERS OF Clarias gariepinus (AFRICAN CATFISH) FROM SELECTED AQUATIC ENVIRONMENTS IN BIRNIN KEBBI, NIGERIA. JIRLS. 2026; 8(2): 40-51.

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Harvard Style

U.f., M., U.u., . I., A.m., . M., U., . J., D.a., . A., A., . D. & S.u., . D. (2026) NUTRITIONAL QUALITY, HEAVY METAL COMPOSITION AND OXIDATIVE STRESS BIOMARKERS OF Clarias gariepinus (AFRICAN CATFISH) FROM SELECTED AQUATIC ENVIRONMENTS IN BIRNIN KEBBI, NIGERIA. JIRLS, 8 (2), 40-51.

Turabian Style

U.f., Magaji, Ibrahim U.u., Mode A.m., Ja'afar U., Anyebe D.a., Dandare A., and Dandare S.u.. 2026. NUTRITIONAL QUALITY, HEAVY METAL COMPOSITION AND OXIDATIVE STRESS BIOMARKERS OF Clarias gariepinus (AFRICAN CATFISH) FROM SELECTED AQUATIC ENVIRONMENTS IN BIRNIN KEBBI, NIGERIA. Journal of Innovative Research in Life Sciences, 8 (2), 40-51.

Chicago Style

U.f., Magaji, Ibrahim U.u., Mode A.m., Ja'afar U., Anyebe D.a., Dandare A., and Dandare S.u.. "NUTRITIONAL QUALITY, HEAVY METAL COMPOSITION AND OXIDATIVE STRESS BIOMARKERS OF Clarias gariepinus (AFRICAN CATFISH) FROM SELECTED AQUATIC ENVIRONMENTS IN BIRNIN KEBBI, NIGERIA." Journal of Innovative Research in Life Sciences 8 (2026), 40-51.

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