Abstract
Diabetes, is a long-term metabolic illness typified by high blood sugar levels as a result of insulin-related issues. This study aimed to evaluate the In-vitro and in-vivo antidiabetic activity of Annona muricata L (Sour soup) methanol leave extract (AMMLE) in albino rats. In vitro studies were carried out using α-amylase and glycosylated hemoglobin inhibition assay. LD50 and phytochemical screening of AMMLE were determined using the standard methods. The sub-chronic effect of AMMLE on body weight, antidiabetic, and antioxidant of the pancreas was evaluated in alloxan-induced diabetic rats The results of the inhibition of glycosylation of hemoglobin of AMMLE showed a lower IC50 value (10.00, 7.10, 4.58 mg/ml) when compared with the positive control, Metformin (11.40,10.00 and 7.67mg/ml). α-amylase inhibition assay revealed that the inhibitory activity (IC50) of AMMLE (0.40mg/ml) was higher when compared with the positive control (VogliboseIC50 value of 0.26mg/ml). The acute toxicity study of AMMLE did not show mortality in the animals at the limit dose of 3000mg/kg during the observed period. The phytochemicalrevealed numerous bioactive components(Alkaloids, Saponins, Steroids, Tannins and Cardiac glycoside). Alloxan were capable of inducing diabetic status as there was a significant increase (P˃0.05) in all the treated groups compared to normal control. The AMMLE and the standard drug showed a significant (P˃0.05) decrease effect on fasting blood glucose in alloxan-induced rats, compared to diabetes control groups. There is a significant (p<0.05) decrease in the activity of Catalase (CAT), Superoxide dismutases (SOD), and Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx) compare to diabetic control. The activity of Vitamin E, Vitamin A, and malondialdehyde (MDA) in diabetic control group rats compared to the normal control group was significantly (p< 0.05) reduced. These results highlight the versatility of AMMLE, not only in lowering blood sugar levels but also in providing strong antioxidant effects. These results showed that the percentage inhibition of haemoglobin glycosylation and α-amylase dose-dependently increased. However, study supports its conventional use in the treatment of diabetes and offers hope for its potential therapeutic application in the future.

Key words: Annona muricata L., Methanol leaf extract, Albino rats, Antidiabetic activity, In vitro study, In vivo study